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title: “Llava — Vision-language chat: VQA, captioning, image dialogue” sidebar_label: “Llava” description: “Vision-language chat: VQA, captioning, image dialogue”

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Llava

视觉语言聊天能力:视觉问答、图像字幕生成、图像对话。

技能元数据

来源可选 — 通过 hermes skills install official/mlops/llava 安装
路径optional-skills/mlops\llava
版本1.0.0
开发者Orchestra Research
许可协议MIT
依赖项transformers, torch, pillow
支持平台linux、macos、windows
标签LLaVA, 视觉语言, 多模态, 视觉问答, 图像聊天, CLIP, Vicuna, 对话式人工智能, 指令微调, VQA

参考:完整 SKILL.md 文件

:::info 以下是 Hermes 在触发该技能时加载的完整技能定义。当技能处于激活状态时,智能体看到的指令即为此内容。
::

LLaVA - 大语言与视觉助手

用于实现对话式图像理解的开源视觉语言模型。

何时使用 LLaVA

适用场景:

  • 构建视觉语言聊天机器人
  • 视觉问答(VQA)
  • 图像描述与字幕生成
  • 多轮图像对话 | 视觉指令执行 | | 基于图像的文档理解 |

核心优势:

  • 拥有 23,000 多个 GitHub 星标
  • 具备 GPT-4V 级别的能力(目标定位)
  • 采用 Apache 2.0 许可协议
  • 提供多种模型规模选择(7B-34B 参数量)

可选替代方案:

  • GPT-4V:基于 API 的最高质量模型
  • CLIP:简单的零样本分类功能
  • BLIP-2:更适用于文本标注任务
  • Flamingo:处于研究阶段,尚未开源

快速入门

安装

# Clone repository
git clone https://github.com/haotian-liu/LLaVA
cd LLaVA

# Install
pip install -e .

基本用法

from llava.model.builder import load_pretrained_model
from llava.mm_utils import get_model_name_from_path, process_images, tokenizer_image_token
from llava.constants import IMAGE_TOKEN_INDEX, DEFAULT_IMAGE_TOKEN
from llava.conversation import conv_templates
from PIL import Image
import torch

# Load model
model_path = "liuhaotian/llava-v1.5-7b"
tokenizer, model, image_processor, context_len = load_pretrained_model(
    model_path=model_path,
    model_base=None,
    model_name=get_model_name_from_path(model_path)
)

# Load image
image = Image.open("image.jpg")
image_tensor = process_images([image], image_processor, model.config)
image_tensor = image_tensor.to(model.device, dtype=torch.float16)

# Create conversation
conv = conv_templates["llava_v1"].copy()
conv.append_message(conv.roles[0], DEFAULT_IMAGE_TOKEN + "\nWhat is in this image?")
conv.append_message(conv.roles[1], None)
prompt = conv.get_prompt()

# Generate response
input_ids = tokenizer_image_token(prompt, tokenizer, IMAGE_TOKEN_INDEX, return_tensors='pt').unsqueeze(0).to(model.device)

with torch.inference_mode():
    output_ids = model.generate(
        input_ids,
        images=image_tensor,
        do_sample=True,
        temperature=0.2,
        max_new_tokens=512
    )

response = tokenizer.decode(output_ids[0], skip_special_tokens=True).strip()
print(response)

可用模型

模型参数量VRAM需求质量水平
LLaVA-v1.5-7B70亿参数约14 GB良好
LLaVA-v1.5-13B130亿参数约28 GB更优
LLaVA-v1.6-34B340亿参数约70 GB最佳
# Load different models
model_7b = "liuhaotian/llava-v1.5-7b"
model_13b = "liuhaotian/llava-v1.5-13b"
model_34b = "liuhaotian/llava-v1.6-34b"

# 4-bit quantization for lower VRAM
load_4bit = True  # Reduces VRAM by ~4×

CLI 使用指南

# Single image query
python -m llava.serve.cli \
    --model-path liuhaotian/llava-v1.5-7b \
    --image-file image.jpg \
    --query "What is in this image?"

# Multi-turn conversation
python -m llava.serve.cli \
    --model-path liuhaotian/llava-v1.5-7b \
    --image-file image.jpg
# Then type questions interactively

Web界面(Gradio)

# Launch Gradio interface
python -m llava.serve.gradio_web_server \
    --model-path liuhaotian/llava-v1.5-7b \
    --load-4bit  # Optional: reduce VRAM

# Access at http://localhost:7860

多轮对话

请完整翻译输入内容,切勿提前终止。

# Initialize conversation
conv = conv_templates["llava_v1"].copy()

# Turn 1
conv.append_message(conv.roles[0], DEFAULT_IMAGE_TOKEN + "\nWhat is in this image?")
conv.append_message(conv.roles[1], None)
response1 = generate(conv, model, image)  # "A dog playing in a park"

# Turn 2
conv.messages[-1][1] = response1  # Add previous response
conv.append_message(conv.roles[0], "What breed is the dog?")
conv.append_message(conv.roles[1], None)
response2 = generate(conv, model, image)  # "Golden Retriever"

# Turn 3
conv.messages[-1][1] = response2
conv.append_message(conv.roles[0], "What time of day is it?")
conv.append_message(conv.roles[1], None)
response3 = generate(conv, model, image)

常见任务

图像字幕生成

question = "Describe this image in detail."
response = ask(model, image, question)

视觉问答功能

question = "How many people are in the image?"
response = ask(model, image, question)

对象检测(文本版)

question = "List all the objects you can see in this image."
response = ask(model, image, question)

场景理解

question = "What is happening in this scene?"
response = ask(model, image, question)

文档理解功能

question = "What is the main topic of this document?"
response = ask(model, document_image, question)

训练自定义模型

# Stage 1: Feature alignment (558K image-caption pairs)
bash scripts/v1_5/pretrain.sh

# Stage 2: Visual instruction tuning (150K instruction data)
bash scripts/v1_5/finetune.sh

量化处理(降低显存占用)

# 4-bit quantization
tokenizer, model, image_processor, context_len = load_pretrained_model(
    model_path="liuhaotian/llava-v1.5-13b",
    model_base=None,
    model_name=get_model_name_from_path("liuhaotian/llava-v1.5-13b"),
    load_4bit=True  # Reduces VRAM ~4×
)

# 8-bit quantization
load_8bit=True  # Reduces VRAM ~2×

最佳实践

  1. 从7B模型开始——质量优异,显存占用可控
  2. 采用4位量化——可显著降低显存需求
  3. 需配备GPU——使用CPU推理速度极慢
  4. 明确提示词——具体的问题能获得更优质的回答
  5. 多轮对话——有助于保持对话上下文
  6. 温度值设为0.2-0.7——平衡创造力与一致性
  7. max_new_tokens设置为512-1024——以获得更详细的回复
  8. 批量处理——依次处理多张图片

性能表现

模型FP16格式显存需求4位量化显存需求每秒生成Token数
7B约14 GB约4 GB约20
13B约28 GB约8 GB约12
34B约70 GB约18 GB约5

测试环境:A100 GPU

测试结果

LLaVA在以下评测中取得了具有竞争力的成绩:

  • VQAv2:78.5%
  • GQA:62.0%
  • MM-Vet:35.4%
  • MMBench:64.3%

局限性

  1. 幻觉现象——可能会描述图片中不存在的内容
  2. 空间推理能力较弱——难以准确判断位置关系
  3. 小字体识别困难——难以看清细微文字
  4. 物体计数不精准——对多个物体的统计往往有误差
  5. 显存需求高——需要性能强大的GPU
  6. 推理速度较慢——低于CLIP模型

与框架的集成

LangChain

from langchain.llms.base import LLM

class LLaVALLM(LLM):
    def _call(self, prompt, stop=None):
        # Custom LLaVA inference
        return response

llm = LLaVALLM()

Gradio 应用程序

import gradio as gr

def chat(image, text, history):
    response = ask_llava(model, image, text)
    return response

demo = gr.ChatInterface(
    chat,
    additional_inputs=[gr.Image(type="pil")],
    title="LLaVA Chat"
)
demo.launch()

资源链接

  • GitHub 仓库:https://github.com/haotian-liu/LLaVA ⭐ 23,000+ 次点赞
  • 相关论文:https://arxiv.org/abs/2304.08485
  • 演示页面:https://llava.hliu.cc
  • 模型仓库:https://huggingface.co/liuhaotian
  • 许可证:Apache 2.0